不育男性患者精液常规检测及影响精液质量下降的相关因素分析

Semen routine test in infertile men and analysis of related factors affecting semen quality decline

目的对不育男性患者的精液进行常规检测,分析精液质量下降的影响因素。方法选取2017年6月至2019年6月于广州增城区妇幼保健院生殖内分泌科治疗的男性不育患者236例作为研究对象,收集所有患者的精液进行常规检测,并对精液检测结果及影响精液质量下降因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果不育男性患者精液异常者161例,占68.22%,其中畸形精子症及弱精症占比较高,分别为39.75%和36.65%。单因素分析结果显示,吸烟、酗酒、体质指数、文化程度是引起精液异常的危险因素(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,吸烟、酗酒、体质指数是导致精液质量异常的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论本地区不育男性精液质量较低,吸烟、酗酒、肥胖是导致精液质量下降的主要因素,改善生活方式、改变不良的嗜好可有效改善精子质量。

Objective To routinely test the semen of infertile male patients and analyze the influencing factors of semen quality decline.Methods A total of 236 male infertile patients who were treated in the reproductive endocrinology department of maternal and child health hospital of Zengcheng district in Guangzhou from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected as the research subjects.The semen of all patients was collected for routine testing,and single factor analysis and multi-factor analysis were performed on semen test results and factors affecting semen quality decline.Results There were 161 cases of infertile male patients with abnormal semen,accounting for 68.22%,of which abnormal spermatozoa and asthenospermia were relatively high,39.75%and 36.65%respectively.Univariate analysis showed that smoking,alcoholism,body mass index and education were the risk factors for abnormal semen(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that smoking,alcoholism and body mass index were independent risk factors for abnormal semen quality(P<0.05).Conclusion Semen quality of infertile men in this area is relatively low.Smoking,alcoholism and obesity are the main factors leading to the decline of semen quality.Improving lifestyles and changing bad habits can effectively improve sperm quality.