印度尼西亚邦加岛华人文化认同的历史与现状探析

A Study on the Past and Present Cultural Identity of the Indonesian Chinese in Bangka

本文通过追溯邦加岛华侨华人的历史,分析其文化认同的变化,并在实地调查基础上评估邦加华侨华人文化认同的现状。本文认为,历史以来,邦加岛华侨华人始终保持较为强烈的华人文化认同。虽然经历过苏哈托时期的文化强制,但是邦加华人的文化认同并未受到太大影响,特别是在偏远地区。而2000年以后,印尼华人社会通过华人社团和华文教育所掀起的华人文化复兴浪潮并没有在邦加华人社会有明显的表现。与爪哇岛或其他华人人口较为密集的地区相比,当前邦加岛的华人文化认同更多的是靠身份和文化自觉。

Based on tracing back the history of the Indonesian Chinese in Bangka,this paper has analyzed the change of their cultural identity,and then assessed the current state of their cultural identity on the basis of a recent field work,believing the Indonesian Chinese in Bangka have always kept a strong Chinese cultural identity throughout the history.Although they experienced the cultural assimilation policy pursued by the Suharto government,their cultural identity has remained intact,particularly that of those living in remote areas.However,after 2000,the Chinese culture reviving movement launched by the Chinese community in Indonesia through Chinese societies and Chinese education does not affect the Chinese living in Bangka very much.It seems that the current cultural identity of the Chinese living in Bangka depends more on their self-identity and cultural consciousness,compared with other areas with a high concentration of Chinese population,such as Java.