高速无位置传感器无刷直流电动机控制系统

High-Speed Brushless DC Motor Control System without Position Sensor

高速无刷直流电动机超过10 000 r/min,换相时间极短,对无位置传感器的控制系统的设计和实现提出了更高的要求。针对无位置传感器的高速无刷直流电动机控制进行研究,采用一种基于反电动势过零点检测换相技术的改进方法。在程序控制方面采用多中断嵌套、滤波算法来提高电机反电动势过零点检测的精度和抗干扰性能;在硬件设计方面将电机三相合成电压分压值与母线分压值进行比较来检测过零点。该设计电路简单,成本低,动态性能好。实验结果表明,该方案有效可行,能够保证电机在较高的额定转速下稳定运行。

The high-speed brushless DC motor,whose speed exceeds 10,000 r/min,has a very short commutation time,and puts forward higher requirements for the design and implementation of position sensorless control. The high-speed brushless DC motor position sensorless control was studied. An improved method based on zero-crossing of back EMF was adopted for motor commutation. Multi-interrupt nesting and filtering algorithm were used in program control to improve the accuracy and anti-interference performance of motor’s back EMF zero-crossing detection. In the hardware design,the three-phase combined voltage division value of the motor was compared with the busbar voltage division value to detect the zero-crossing point. The circuit is simple and low cost,and its dynamic performance is good. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is effective and feasible,and can ensure the stable operation of the motor at its high rated speed.