江西省柑橘生产现状及气象服务需求分析

Study on Citrus Production Status and Meteorological Service Demand in Jiangxi Province

通过深入走访江西省柑橘主产区种植户、合作社、气象及果业等部门,对柑橘生产现状、气象灾害和气象服务需求等进行调查分析。结果表明,江西省柑橘种植分布范围广泛、品种多样,经济效益可观。种植面积以赣州最大,抚州次之,吉安第三;种植品种有赣南脐橙、井冈蜜柚、南丰蜜橘、新余蜜橘等;柑橘稳产后,每公顷纯收入在3.7万元以上。柑橘气象灾害主要有冻害、高温低湿、挂果后干旱、高温日灼、连阴雨等,柑橘种植的主要气象服务需求有灾害预警、灾害防御措施、柑橘保险、品质评价等。根据柑橘生产过程中的气象灾害及服务需求,给出了气象服务建议及灾害防御技术措施,可为橘合理安排生产提供指导,以期能促进柑橘产业健康发展。

Based on the in-depth interviews with farmers,cooperatives,meteorological departments,and fruit industries in the main citrus producing areas of Jiangxi province,the status of citrus production,meteorological disasters,and demand for meteorological services were investigated and discussed.The results showed that citrus in Jiangxi province was widely planted,numerous in variety,and had considerable economic benefits.The largest planting area was in Ganzhou,followed by Fuzhou and Ji an.The planting citrus mainly included Gannan navel orange,Jingang honey pomelo,Nanfeng mandarin orange,and Xinyu mandarin orange,etc.After the production of citrus reached stable status,the net income per hectare can reach more than 37000 yuan(RMB).The meteorological disasters for citrus mainly included freezing damage,high temperature and low humidity,drought after fruit bearing,high temperature sunburn,continuous rain,and so on.The main meteorological services for citrus planting included disaster early warning,disaster defense measure,citrus insurance,and quality evaluation.The meteorological disasters and service requirements in the citrus production process should be considered of giving the suggestions of meteorological services and formulating the disaster defense technical measures,which can provide guidance for citrus farmers to rationally arrange production and help the healthy development of citrus industry.