车辆端门碰撞振动产生声响的特性研究

Study on the Characteristics of Sound Generated by Vehicle End Door Collision Vibration

为研究车辆端门下滑道与导轨之间相互碰撞产生声响的问题,建立两种不同结构形式含间隙的碰撞振动系统动力学模型。采用数值分析方法对系统求解,结合分岔图与相平面图分析两种模型的运动特性。在同参数条件下,弹性系统在激振频率(ω=3.25)时进入无碰撞运动区域,刚性系统在激振频率(ω=6.5)时进入无碰撞运动区域。通过对比,弹性系统呈现出在高频振动区域更稳定的运动特性,引起碰撞振动运动的周期激振频率范围更窄,从而因碰撞产生声响的频次更低。结果表明,在滑道内部加装弹性滚珠对改善端门下滑道与导轨之间因碰撞产生的噪声声响起到很好的隔振效果。

This paper investigates the collision between the slideway and the guide rail of the end door of the vehicles,and establishes a dynamic model of the collision vibration system with gaps in two different structures.The numerical analysis method is used to solve the system,and the bifurcation diagram and phase plane diagram are used to analyze the motion characteristics of the two models.Under the same parameter conditions,the elastic system enters the collision-free motion region at the excitation frequency(ω=3.25),and the rigid system enters the collision-free motion region at the excitation frequency(ω=6.5).By comparison,the elastic system exhibits more stable motion characteristics in the high-frequency vibration region,and the frequency range of the periodic excitation frequency that causes the collision vibration motion is narrower,so that the frequency of sound generated by the collision is lower.The results show that the installation of elastic balls inside the slideway has a good effect of reducing the noise caused by the collision between the end door slideway and the guide rail.