人工碳纳米材料的植物效应研究进展

Research advances on plant effects of engineered carbon nanomaterials

随着纳米科技的发展,人工碳纳米材料(Engineered carbon nanomaterials,ECNMs)在诸多领域得到广泛应用。与此同时,ECNMs不可避免地释放进入环境,增加与生物接触的机会,其生物毒性效应及潜在的环境风险不容忽视。植物是人类重要的食物来源,目前已有研究表明ECNMs对植物有毒害作用,对食品安全及人类健康造成威胁。鉴于此,在简要介绍ECNMs环境来源的基础上,综述了目前国内外关于ECNMs对植物生理生长的影响及作用机制的研究进展,并对当前研究方法和面临的挑战进行探讨,为ECNMs的生物安全性评估、植物保护、原材料的合理规划使用提供一定的理论依据与实践参考。

With the development of nanotechnology,engineered carbon nanomaterials are widely used in many fields.Meanwhile,ECNMs inevitably release into the environment,which will enhance the chances of contact with organisms.Biological toxicity and potential environmental risks can not be ignored.Plants are an important source of human food.At present,the researches have shown that ECNMs have toxic effects on plants and threaten food safety and human health.Based on the brief introduction of the environmental sources of ECNMs,the research progress of the effect and mechanism of ECNMs on the physiological growth of plants at home and abroad was summarized,the current research methods and challenges were discussed,so as to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the biosafety assessment,plant protection and rational planning and using of raw materials of ECNMs.