民族交融的影响机制及其发展趋势研究——基于2018年云南省少数民族地区综合社会调查数据

The Mechanism Affecting Ethnic Integration and Its Development Trends:In Basis of the Social Survey Data Of Ethnic Minority Areas in Yunnan Province of 2018

在我国人口城市化促使民族人口分布从“大杂居小聚居”转向“大散居、小聚居、交错杂居”的背景下,本文基于新时代民族交融论述与社会实践理论,运用少数民族地区社会调查数据与结构方程模型,揭示了民族交融的构成维度与影响机制及其发展趋势。民族交融的构成包括族际共居、族际共事、族际共乐、族际通婚等四个维度指标,并与社会资本及族群惯习构成三角形生成性外在影响关系,其实施主体也包含表现族群性行为时的个体之间。从乡村社会向都市社会的场域转换,促使民族交融的总量大幅度提高以及各维度构成作用发生改变,影响机制发生三个趋势性变化:一是社会资本的直接促进作用大幅度上升;二是族群惯习的直接阻碍作用大幅度下降;三是社会资本通过影响族群惯习对于民族交融的间接促进作用显现.

Considering the rising trend of China’s urbanization,from the widely mixed settling with small compact communities to the widely mixed settling with small scattered communities,this paper reveals the structural dimensions and mechanism affecting the ethnic integration and its development trends,based on the expositions on the integration among the different ethnic groups in a new era,the social survey data and social equation model.The four structure dimensions,the close relation in living,working and entertainment,and inter-ethnic marriage,together with social capital and ethnic habitus,form a triangular productive eternal effect,whose implementing subject also contains individuals with ethnic behaviour.The transformation from rural fields to urban fields increases the scale of the integration and changes the function of the four dimensions.In addition,the effective mechanism has three development trends:the expansionary effect by social capital;reducing negative impact from the ethnic habitus;indirect effect through ethnic habitus by social capital.