鱼类抗菌肽的研究进展

Advance in Research of Fish Antimicrobial Peptides

抗菌肽是鱼类先天免疫的重要组成部分,有望成为下一代抗菌药物。收集了鱼类抗菌肽的5个大类Piscidin,Defensin,Hepcidin,Cathelicidin,Pardaxin及25个亚类的基本信息。分析了其电荷、疏水结构和二级结构的特征和比较了其对细菌、真菌的抗菌谱。探讨了电荷、疏水性、二级结构和二硫键等影响抗菌肽作用的机制。指出开发表面固定化技术,研究抗菌肽的缓控释新剂型,机器学习有助于开发活性高、抗菌谱广和低毒的新型抗菌肽。抗菌肽应用于渔业生产和防病治病,有助于开发绿色环保养殖技术,促进养殖渔业健康可持续发展。

Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are an important part of innate immune system of fish,which is a promising candidate of the next generation of antimicrobial drug.In this review,the basic information of 5 types of AMPs including Piscidin,Defensin,Hepcidin,Cathelicidin and Pardaxin and 25 subtypes was collected.The structural characteristics of AMPs including electric charge,hydrophobic structure,secondary structure were analyzed and compared their antimicrobial spectra against bacteria and fungi.The function mechanism of electric charge,hydrophobicity,secondary structure and disulfide bond was discussed.We propose that the development of surface immobilization technology,controllable delivery preparation and machine learning will provide a new route for the production of novel AMPs with high activity,broad antimicrobial spectrum and low cytotoxicity.The application of AMPs in disease prevention in fishery production will promote the development of environmental-friendly aquaculture technology and the healthy and sustainable development of aquaculture fisheries.