美国ROTC培养模式对我国高校国防教育的启示——基于军民融合发展的视角

Enlightenment of American ROTC Training Model on National Defense Education in Chinese Universities——From the Perspective of Civil-Military Integration Development

军民融合发展战略的实施对普通高校人才培养提出了新的要求和挑战,使得高校国防教育面临的形势和任务也发生了巨大的变化。众所周知,美国后备军官训练团(简称ROTC),为美军赢得战争提供了有力的人才保证,是美国高校国防教育军民融合发展的集中体现。通过系统剖析军民融合发展与高校国防教育的内在逻辑关系,在全面分析、总结美国ROTC培养模式主要特点的基础上,借鉴其成熟经验,从创新教育培养理念、科学设置教学内容、实施军地双主体协同育人等方面对促进我国高校国防教育军民融合发展,全面提升大学生综合国防素质提出了相关意见和建议。

The implementation of the development strategy of civil-military integration puts forward new requirements and challenges for the training of talents in higher colleges,which makes the situation and tasks faced by national defense education in higher colleges have also undergone tremendous changes.As we all know,the ROTC provides a strong talent guarantee for the US military to win the war,and it is a concentrated reflection of the development of civil-military integration of defense education in American colleges and universities.Based on a systematic analysis of the inherent logical relationship between the development of civil-military integration and the national defense education in higher colleges,and on the basis of a comprehensive analysis and summary of the main characteristics of the ROTC training model in the United States,and drawing on its mature experience,this paper aims to promote the development of civil-military integration of national defense education in colleges and universities in China from the aspects of innovative education,scientific setting of teaching content,and implementing military-civilian cooperation in education.Some opinions and suggestions on students'comprehensive national defense quality are put forward.