基于互助养老理念的苏南乡村养老设施优化研究

Research on Optimization Strategy of Old-age Care Facilities in Rural Areas of Southern Jiangsu Province Based on the Concept of Mutual Assistance for the Aged

苏南是我国率先步入老龄化社会的地区之一,其乡村地区相对于城镇地区老龄化比重更高、增速更快,老龄化形势严峻。城乡二元发展体制及人口的大量外流使苏南乡村当前家庭养老功能减弱,社会化养老发育不全,养老服务体系尚不完善,养老设施建设十分滞后,老年人难以获取理想的养老服务,养老事业步入困境。在此背景下,结合实地走访调研,按照“养老模式-养老服务体系-养老设施体系”的研究框架,基于互助养老理念从功能类别完善、配置标准调整及空间布局优化等方面对现状乡村养老设施的配置提出优化策略,并从运营管理等方面提出机制保障措施,以期从空间层面为苏南及其他地区乡村养老问题的解决提供行之有效的思路。

South Jiangsu is one of the first regions in China to enter into the aging society.The aging degree in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas,so is the growth rate of the elderly population.The aging situation is very serious.The urban-rural dual development system and the massive outflow of the population have weakened the current family pension function in the rural areas of Southern Jiangsu.The current socialized old-age care is underdeveloped,the old-age care service system is not perfect,and the construction of old-age care facilities is lagging behind.It is difficult for the elderly to obtain ideal old-age care services,and the old-age care undertakings are in a dilemma.In this context,according to the research framework of"endowment mode--endowment service system--endowment facility system",based on the concept of mutual care for the aged,this paper proposes optimization strategies for the current configuration of rural endowment facilities from the aspects of functional category improvement,configuration standard adjustment and spatial layout optimization.In addition,this paper puts forward mechanism guarantee measures from the aspects of operation and management,hoping to provide effective ideas for solving the rural pension problems in Southern Jiangsu and other areas from the spatial perspective.