摘要
养老院火灾事故时有发生,严重威胁老年人的生命财产安全。为了研究养老机构突发情况下老年人的疏散情况,文章以某养老院为例,基于社会力模型,用Massmotion软件建立人员疏散模型。通过文献调研设定老年人(自理老人、介助老人、介护老人)的特征参数,研究了不同类型老人的楼层分布对疏散的影响。结果表明,疏散时间的长短主要取决于介护老人的楼层分布;自理能力低的老人入住更低层更有利于疏散;容量下降现象和拥塞效应也会影响疏散效率。最后根据仿真结果,对养老院安全疏散提出了相应的建议。
Fire accidents in nursing homes occur frequently in recent years,which seriously threaten the safety of life and property of the elderly.In order to study the evacuation of the elderly under emergencies in the old-age care institution,this paper takes a nursing home as an example,using Massmotion software to establish the evacuation model based the social force.Through the literature research,the characteristic parameters of the elderly(independent elderly,semi-dependent elderly,dependent elderly)were set,and the influence of floor distribution of different types of elderly on evacuation efficiency was studied.The results show that the evacuation time mainly depends on the distribution of dependent elderly and the elderly with lower self-care ability staying in the lower floor are more conducive to evacuation.Furthermore,the capacity drop phenomenon and congestion effect affect the evacuation efficiency.According to the simulation results,the corresponding suggestions for the safe evacuation of nursing homes are put forward.
作者
李佳
金博伟
王静虹
LI Jia;JIN Bo-wei;WANG Jing-hong(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China)
出处
《江苏建筑》
2019年第S01期155-158,共4页
Jiangsu Construction
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(NO.71774079)
国家重点研发计划项目(NO.2016YFC0800106-01)
江苏省重点研发项目(社会发展)(NO.BE2016771)的资助。
