新乡市258例体检者食物不耐受检测结果分析

Analysis of food intolerance in 258 physical examination population in Xinxiang city

目的探讨新乡市体检人群食物不耐受发生情况。方法选择2017年7月至2019年6月于新乡医学院第三附属医院体检中心进行食物不耐受体检者258例为观察对象。所有受试者于体检当日清晨抽取空腹静脉血5 mL,采用酶联免疫吸附试验法测试血清中蛋清/蛋黄、蟹、牛奶、虾、鳕鱼、玉米、大米、大豆、蘑菇、西红柿、牛肉、猪肉、小麦、鸡肉等14种食物的特异性免疫球蛋白G(IgG)抗体,依据每种食物的特异性IgG抗体浓度进行食物不耐受判断,有≥1种食物的特异性IgG抗体浓度≥50×103 U·L-1即判定该体检者为食物不耐受阳性。结果258例受试者中食物不耐受阳性161例(62.40%);其中,对1、2、3种及≥4种食物不耐受者所占比例分别为31.78%(82/258)、17.05%(44/258)、9.69%(25/258)、3.88%(10/258)。14种食物中,发生不耐受比例由高到低依次为蛋清/蛋黄32.43%(84/258)、蟹28.16%(73/258)、牛奶12.82%(33/258)、虾10.49%(27/258)、鳕鱼9.51%(25/258)、玉米4.27%(11/258)、大米3.88%(10/258)、大豆3.88%(10/258)、蘑菇2.72%(7/258)、西红柿2.72%(7/258)、牛肉0.58%(2/258)、猪肉0.39%(1/258)、小麦0.39%(1/258)、鸡肉0.39%(1/258)。女性受试者食物不耐受阳性率显著高于男性(χ2=5.844,P<0.05),女性受试者对蛋清/蛋黄、牛奶、鳕鱼的不耐受阳性率显著高于男性(χ2=7.277、8.860、4.358,P<0.05)。食物不耐受阳性受试者与食物不耐受阴性受试者的年龄比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.657,P>0.05);蛋清/蛋黄、牛奶不耐受阳性受试者的年龄显著低于食物不耐受阴性受试者,虾、西红柿不耐受阳性受试者的年龄显著高于食物不耐受阴性受试者(t=2.212、2.053、2.127、3.452,P<0.05);蟹、鳕鱼、玉米、大米、大豆、蘑菇不耐受阳性受试者与不耐受阴性受试者的年龄比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.548、0.472、0.374、0.368、0.630、0.371,P>0.05)。结论新乡市体检人群中食物不耐受阳性率较高,并有多重食物不耐受现象。体检者不耐受比例较高的前5种食物分别为蛋清/蛋黄、蟹、牛奶、虾、鳕鱼,女性发生食物不耐受阳性率高于男性。牛奶、蛋清/蛋黄不耐受阳性受试者的年龄低于阴性受试者,虾、西红柿不耐受阳性受试者的年龄高于阴性受试者,食物不耐受阳性受试者与阴性受试者的年龄总体上比较差异无统计学意义。

Objective To investigate the food intolerance in the physical examination population in Xinxiang city.Methods A total of 258 patients who underwent food intolerance physical examination in the Physical Examination Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from July 2017 to June 2019 were selected as the observation objects.5 mL fasting venous blood of all subjects was obtained in the morning of the test day to detected the specific immunoglobulin G(IgG)antibodies in 14 foods including albumen,crab,milk,shrimp,cod,corn,rice,soybean,mushroom,tomato,beef,pork,wheat and chicken by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Food intolerance was determined based on the specific IgG antibody concentration of each food,and it was determined to be positive for food intolerance when the specific IgG antibody concentration of greater than or equal to one food was≥50×103 U·L-1.Results There were 161 cases(62.40%)with positive food intolerance in the 258 cases.Among them,the proportion of people with 1,2 and 3 food intolerance and≥4 food intolerance was 31.78%(82/258),17.05%(44/258),9.69%(25/258)and 3.88%(10/258),respectively.Of the 14 foods,from high to low,the incidence of food intolerance was albumen/yolk(84/258),28.16%of crab(73/258),12.82%of milk(33/258),10.49%of shrimp(27/258),9.51%of cod(25/258),4.27%of corn(11/258),3.88%of rice(10/258),3.88 of soybean(10/258),2.72%of mushroom(7/258),2.72%of tomato(7/258),0.58%of beef(2/258),0.39%of pork(1/258),0.39%of wheat(1/258),0.39%of chicken(1/258).The positive rate of food intolerance in female subjects was significantly higher than that in male subjects(χ2=5.844,P<0.05),and the positive rate of albumen/yolk,milk and cod in female subjects was significantly higher than that in male subjects(χ2=7.277,8.860,4.358;P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the age between food intolerance positive subjects and food intolerance negative subjects(t=0.657,P>0.05).The age of the subjects with albumen/yolk,milk intolerance was lower than that of the subjects with negative food intolerance,while the age of the subjects with shrimp,tomato intolerance was higher than that of the subjects with negative food intolerance(t=2.212,2.053,2.127,3.452;P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the age between the subjects with positive intolerance of crab,cod,corn,rice,soybean and mushroom and the subjects with negative intolerance(t=0.548,0.472,0.374,0.368,0.630,0.371;P>0.05).Conclusions The positive rate of food intolerance in physical examination population is higher in Xinxiang city,and there are multiple food intolerance.The top 5 intolerance foods are egg,crab,milk,shrimp and cod.Women have a higher rate of food intolerance than men.The age of the milk and albumen/yolk intolerant subjects was lower than that of the negative subjects,the age of the shrimp and tomato intolerant subjects was higher than that of the negative subjects,and there was no overall difference in age between the positive food intolerance subjects and the negative food intolerance subjects.