东北官话名词小称的主要手段及其语义扩张

Main Formation Ways of Noun Diminutives in Northeastern Mandarin and Their Semantic Expansion

小称范畴作为一种跨方言的显赫范畴在东北官话中同样存在,且具有显著特征。本文分析了东北官话名词小称的主要构成手段,描写了名词小称的语义范畴所形成的语义图及其主要的扩张手段。认为东北官话名词小称的主要手段是儿化,并且其语义范畴是一种成员之间依靠隐喻和转喻方式联系在一起的原型范畴。

As a prominent category of cross-language,the diminutive category also exists in the northeastern Mandarin and has remarkable characteristics. In this study,the main components of the noun diminutive in northeastern Mandarin are analyzed. The semantic map formed by the semantic category of the noun term and its main expansion means are also described. It is concluded that the main formation ways of the noun diminutive in northeastern Mandarin is to suffix a nonsyllabic "r"to nouns and sometimes verbs,and its semantic category is a prototype category linked by metaphor and metonymy among its members.