利用几何形态学工具探讨库蠓属三近似种翅形变异及其亲缘关系(双翅目:蠓科)

GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS ON WING SHAPE OF THREE SIMILAR CULICOIDES SPECIES(DIPTERA:CERATOPOGONIDAE)

为了实现对库蠓近似种的快速、准确鉴别,弥补传统鉴定方法中的不足,采用几何形态学方法对库蠓3近似种(东方库蠓Culicoides orientalis、凹缘库蠓Culicoides holcus、连斑库蠓Culicoides jacobsoni)进行翅型的差异性分析及亲缘关系探讨。通过地标点法对3种库蠓翅分别标记13个地标点,再利用普氏叠加、主成分分析、薄板样条法、变形网格、典型变量分析法及聚类分析法来分析其翅形的主要变化部位、变化趋势以及不同种类间的亲缘关系。结果显示,3种库蠓翅形存在明显差异,其变异主要集中在径中横脉、翅基部、径1室、径2室、中2室近端部和中4室,通过翅形能准确区分上述种类,聚类分析显示凹缘库蠓和东方库蠓亲缘关系最近,东方库蠓与连斑库蠓亲缘关系最远。翅形变异可用于库蠓近似种间的分类研究及亲缘关系探讨。

In order to quickly and accurately identify Culicoides species,the wing shape among three similar species(Culicoides orientalis,C.holcus and C.jacobsoni)were analyzed by geometric morphologic data.The wing of three Culicoides species were labeled with 13 landmarks respectively and analyzed by generalized procrustes analysis,principal component analysis,thin plate spline,deformed mesh,canonical variate analysis and cluster analysis.The obvious differences existed in the wing shape of the three Culicoides species,the variations were mainly concentrated in radio-median cross-vein,base of the wing,cell r 1,cell r 2,proximal end of cell m 2 and cell m 4.These species can be accurately distinguished by the shape of wings based on geometric morphological methods.The farest phylogenetic relationship between C.jacobsoni and C.orientalis was much farther than that between C.orientalis and C.holcus.Therefore,the geometric morphological data of the wing shape appeared applicable in the study of taxonomic issues in the similar species of the genus Culicoides.