哈密地区棉花品种生长发育特征及产量构成差异研究

Different Characteristics on Development and Yield Composition of Cotton Varieties in Hami Prefecture

【目的】本文进一步明确机采模式下不同棉花品种的生长发育状况,筛选出适宜哈密棉区机采模式下的优良棉花品种。【方法】选用9个棉花品种为试验材,进行2年的对比试验,调查农艺性状、干物质变化动态、叶面积指数、品质和产量及产量构成因子。【结果】各品种株高介于73.7~94.5 cm之间,第一果节位在5.14~6.80 cm,始节高度新陆中55最高,邯丰668次之。果枝台数邯丰668最多为9.67~10.21。最大单株干物质质量介于118.5~167.7 g,邯丰668增长速率最快,新陆中55次之;叶面积指数呈二次抛物线动态变化,在铃期到达峰值,为4.04~4.89。品质上马克隆值达到A级的有邯丰668和新陆中55号,分别为4.03和4.20;各处理纤维长度为26.73~30.57 mm。实收籽棉量邯丰668最高为538.7~548.0 kg/667m^2,其次为新陆中55,二者显著高于其他处理。【结论】综合考虑各因子,邯丰668和新陆中55号表现最优,适合哈密棉区机采模式下种植。

【Objective】This study aimed to screen out good cotton varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting in Hami area.【Method】Nine cotton varieties were used as experimental materials to conduct field experiments for two years,and the agronomic traits,dry matter dynamics,leaf area index,quality,yield and yield components of different cotton varieties were discussed and analyzed.【Result】The plant height of each variety was between 73.7 and 94.5 cm,the first fruit node was between 5.14 and 6.80 cm,the highest height at the beginning of the festival was Xinluzhong 55,and the second was Hanfeng 668.The largest number of fruit branches of the Hangfeng 668 was 9.67-10.21.The maximum dry matter quality per plant ranged from 118.5 to 167.7 g,and the growth rate was the fastest of Hanfeng 668,followed by Xinluzhong 55.Leaf area index showed a quadratic parabolic dynamic change,reaching its peak at boll stage,reaching 4.04-4.89.The micronaire value reached grade A of Hanfeng 668 and Xinluzhong 55,which were 4.03 and 4.20 respectively,and the fiber length of each treatment was 26.73-30.57 mm.The highest yield of seed cotton was 538.7 and 548.0 kg/667 m^2 in Hanfeng 668,followed by Xinluzhong 55,which was significantly higher than that of other treatments.【Conclusion】Considering all factors,Hanfeng 668 and Xinluzhong 50 were the best performance,there were suitable for planting under the machine mining mode in Hami cotton area.