水稻新品种“陆育4号”选育及低耗高效栽培技术研究

Breeding and Cultivation Technology of Low Consumption and High Benefit for New Rice Variety‘Luyu 4'

【目的】探索陆育4号低耗高效栽培的科学肥水运筹方案,为其大面积推广应用提供理论依据。【方法】以96Y-27/银光为母本,陆育1号为父本通过常规杂交和系谱法选育,育成了常规粳稻新品种陆育4号。采用两因素裂区设计,以氮肥施用量为主区因素A,水浆管理为副区因素B,研究不同肥水管理对陆育4号机插稻产量、肥料利用率及经济效益的影响。【结果】不同肥水处理,陆育4号的全生育期、最高分蘖数、有效穗、结实率、千粒重和产量存在显著差异,穗实粒数差异不显著。相同氮肥处理,水浆管控由B1→B2→B3变化,全生育期延长,产量显著降低,最高分蘖数、有效穗、结实率、穗实粒数和千粒重变化不显著。产量为8733~12717 kg/hm^2,最高的是A2B1处理,最低的是A5B3处理。产值最高的也是A2B1处理,为33271元/hm^2,分别比常规栽培(A1B3)增产24.7%和增收25.6%。氮肥利用率最高的是A5B1处理,比常规栽培高18.5%。综合氮肥利用率和经济效益,最好的肥水管理方案是A2B1,其次是A3B1。【结论】水稻新品种陆育4号低耗高效栽培的肥水处理方案为施氮量(尿素)312~351 kg/hm^2,采用干湿交替进行水浆管理。

【Objective】To provide theoretical references for the large-scale application of Luyu 4,the cultivation techniques of low consump-tion and high efficient were explored.【Method】Luyu 4 was bred by crossing,using 96Y-27/Yinguang as paternal parent and Luyu 1 as pa-ternal parent.Based on two factors split-plot design,in which nitrogen fertilizer rate was the main factor A and water management was the minor factor B,a field experiment was conducted to research the effects of nitrogen fertilizer rate and water management on yield,fertilizer ef-ficiency and economic benefit for Luyu4.【Result】The growth period,maximum number of tiller,effective panicle,seed setting rate,1000-grain weight and yield of Luyu4 exhibited significant difference under different nitrogen fertilizer rate and water management,while the grain number per panicle showed no difference.Under the same nitrogen fertilizer treatment and the water management changed from B 1→B 2→B 3,the growth period was prolonged and the yield was significantly reduced,while the maximum tiller number,effective panicle,seed set-ting rate,grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight were not changed significantly.A 2 B 1 with the highest yield and output value about 12717 kg/hm^2 and 33271 yuan/hm^2,which was higher than those of the conventional cultivation A 1 B 3(CK)by 24.7%and 25.6%,re-spectively.Meanwhile,A 5 B 1 showed the highest nitrogen utilization rate which was 18.5%higher than conventional cultivation A 1 B 3(CK).In consideration of nitrogen fertilizer utilization and economic benefits,the best fertilizer and water management program was A 2 B 1,followed by A 3 B 1.【Conclusion】The optimum cultivation style for Luyu4 was urea 312-351 kg/hm^2 with alternating irrigation.