膜分离技术在废水重金属离子脱除中的应用进展

Application Review of Membrane Separation Technology for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions in Wastewater

废水的再循环利用已成为节约水资源的首要措施。其中,处理水体中的重金属离子更是重要环节。与传统方法相比,膜分离技术具有脱除效率高、能耗少、成本低等优势,目前已经大规模应用于废水重金属离子的脱除中。本文综述了微滤(MF)、超滤(UF)、纳滤(NF)、反渗透(RO)以及电渗析(ED)工艺在金属离子脱除中的分离原理、特点及应用,最后进行展望并指出了仍存在的问题。

Recycling of wastewater has become the primary measure for saving water resources.Among them,the treatment of heavy metal ions in water is s vital importance.Compared with traditional methods,membrane separation technology has the advantages of high removal efficiency,low energy consumption,and low cost,at present,it has been widely used in the removal of heavy metal ions in wastewater.This paper reviews the separation principles,characteristics,and applications of microfiltration(MF),ultrafiltration(UF),nanofiltration(NF),reverse osmosis(RO),and electrodialysis(ED)processes in the removal of metal ions,and finally looks forward and points out the remaining problems.