早期经口胃管间歇微量喂养对极低出生体重早产儿营养状况及并发症的影响

Effect of Early Intermittent Minimal Oral Feeding via Gastric Tube on Nutritional Status and Complications of Very Low Birth Weight Infants

目的探讨早期经口胃管间歇微量喂养对极低出生体重早产儿(VLBW)营养状况及并发症的影响。方法选择2014年1月~2018年10月产科出生的VLBW 80例,随机分为观察组与对照组各40例。两组VLBW予以静脉补液胃肠外营养供给,观察组VLBW在此基础上予以早期经口胃管间歇微量喂养。两组的疗程均为3周。观察并评估两组VLBW的喂养结果,并比较喂养期间并发症的发生率。结果观察组VLBW恢复至出生体重时间、胎便排尽时间、达完全肠内营养时间及黄疸持续时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。喂养3周期间,观察组VLBW的并发症发生率(12.50%)明显低于对照组(32.50%)(P<0.05)。结论早期经口胃管间歇微量喂养不仅改善VLBW的营养状况,促进向肠内营养过渡,而且可降低喂养并发症的发生率。

Objective To investigate the effects of early intermittent minimal oral feeding via gastric tube on nutritional status and complications of very low birth weight infants(VLBW).Methods 80 VLBW infants who were born in the Department of Obstetrics from January 2014 to October 2018 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,with 40 infants in each group.Two groups of VLBW infants were given intravenous rehydration for parenteral nutrition.On the basis of this,VLBW infants in the observation group were given early intermittent minimal oral feeding via gastric tube.The course of treatment was 3 weeks in both groups.The feeding results of the two groups of VLBW infants were observed and evaluated,and the incidence rate of complications during feeding was compared.Results The time resuming to the normal birth weight,fecal emptying time,time reaching complete enteral nutrition and duration of jaundice in VLBW in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).During the 3 weeks of feeding,the complication rate of VLBW in the observation group(12.50%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(32.50%)(P<0.05).Conclusion Early intermittent minimal oral feeding via gastric tube can not only improve the nutritional status of VLBW,promote the transition to enteral nutrition,but also reduce the incidence rate of feeding complications.