论“海洋命运共同体”构建中海洋危机管控国际合作的法律问题

Legal Issues on International Cooperation of the Management and Control of Ocean Crisis in Building A Maritime Community with A Shared Future

“海洋命运共同体”的构建主要面临传统的海洋危机和非传统的海洋危机。目前海洋危机管控国际合作法律制度主要有两大特点:以联合国为代表的国际组织在海洋危机管控国际合作中发挥了重要作用,以《联合国海洋法公约》为核心的国际法律制度构建了海洋危机管控国际合作的法律框架。海洋危机管控国际合作的法律制度主要存在有关法律制度的碎片化现象非常明显、受国家管辖权的制约尤为突出以及诸多内容模糊不清等缺陷。海洋危机管控国际合作法律制度可以从秉持“海洋命运共同体”的理念、坚持“共商共建共享”原则以及加强国际组织在之间的协调等方面予以完善。构建“海洋命运共同体”的理念将推动海洋危机管控国际合作的变革。

Building a maritime community with a shared future is mainly faced with traditional ocean crisis and non-traditional ocean crisis.The current legal system of international cooperation of the management and control of ocean crisis primarily has two characteristics:the international organizations represented by the United Nations have played a considerable role in international cooperation of the management and control of ocean crisis,and the international legal system with the core United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea has built the legal framework of international cooperation of the management and control of ocean crisis.The legal system of international cooperation of the management and control of ocean crisis has the defects of the obvious phenomenon about fragmentation of legal system,the notable restriction of national jurisdiction and the ambiguity of many contents.The legal system of international cooperation of the management and control of ocean crisis can improve and perfect through adhering to the concept of"maritime community with a shared future",adhering to the principles of"extensive consultation,joint contribution and shared benefits"and strengthening the coordination in the management and control of ocean crisis by international organizations.The concept of"building a maritime community with a shared future"will promote the reform of international cooperation of the management and control of ocean crisis.