论《瓦尔登湖》中的“生活的经济学”

An Analysis of"the Economy of Living"in Walden

对《瓦尔登湖》的第一章“经济篇”进行文本细读,发现梭罗所谓的“economy”表面上进行着收入与支出的经济计算,实际上,他是对鲁滨逊所代表的“经济个人主义者”概念的改写,主张一种重视个人内在品质的“生活的经济学”。他通过自己的林中试验,阐述“生活的经济学”的可行性,以此唤醒人们摆脱精神上或物质上的“静静的绝望生活”,过简约生活,进行个人内在探索,实现“个体生活与个体经验的圆满”。

Based on the close reading of the first chapter"Economy"in Walden,this paper is to argue that by calculating the income and outlays in his forest life,Thoreau's view of"economy"seems to be in accordance with the concept of"economic individualist"represented by Robinson Crusoe,but in fact,he attempts to rewrite it and advocates"the economy of living"which values people's inner worth.By redefining"necessities of lives",he illustrates the feasibility of"the economy of living"practiced in the forest.In doing so,he hopes to awaken people to get rid of lives of quiet desperation spiritually or materially and live a materially simple life and pursue individual life and individual experience in their inner exploration.