注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的肠道菌群特征

Characteristics of gut microbiota in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的探索注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿肠道菌群分布特征,以及肠道菌群在其发病过程中的可能作用及其机制。方法采用病例对照研究方法,2019年1月至2019年6月选取6~12岁ADHD患儿17例,并征集同年龄健康儿童17例为对照,进行粪便菌群的宏基因组测序及分析,比较组间菌群α多样性及物种分类(属、种)的相对丰度等差异。结果ADHD患儿与对照组肠道菌群的α多样性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在菌属水平上,ADHD患儿的粪肠杆菌属Facelibacterium及韦荣球菌属Veillonellaceae丰度降低,气味杆菌属Odoribacter丰度增高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肠球菌属Enterococcus增高,差异有统计学意义(LDA>2)。在菌种水平上,ADHD患儿普氏栖粪杆菌Faecalibacterium prausnitzii、毛螺科菌Lachnospiraceae bacterium以及活泼瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus gnavus丰度降低,而粪拟杆菌Bacteroides caccae、内脏拟杆菌Odoribacter splanchnicus、木假单胞菌Paraprevotella xylaniphila以及小韦荣球菌Veillonella parvula丰度增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ADHD患儿的肠道菌群构成存在异常。

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of gut microbiota in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)and its possible role and mechanism in the pathogenesis of ADHD.Methods Case-control study was used in this study.From January 2019 to June 2019,17 ADHD children aged 6-12 years were selected,and 17 healthy children of the same age were recruited as controls.Metagenomic sequencing and analysis of fecal microflora were carried out to compare the Alpha diversity of microflora and the relative abundance of species classification(genus and species)between groups.Results There was no significant difference in Alpha diversity of gut microbiota between ADHD and control groups(P>0.05).At the level of bacteria genus,compared with healthy children,the abundance of Facelibacterium and Veillonellaceae was reduced while the abundance of Odoribacter was increased in ADHD children,and differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Furthermore,Enterococcus were significantly increased(LDA>2).At the level of bacteria species,the abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,Lachnospiraceae bacterium and Ruminococcus gnavus was decreased,while the abundance of Bacteroides caccae,Odoribacter splanchnicus,Paraprevotella xylaniphila and Veillonella parvula was increased in ADHD children,and there were significantly differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The composition of gut microbiota in ADHD children was abnormal.