蛹虫草子实体中新型类胡萝卜素的提取工艺优化

Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Novel Carotenoids from Cordyceps militaris Fruiting Bodies

蛹虫草作为一种新食品原料,富含水溶性的新型类胡萝卜素。以蛹虫草子实体为原料,筛选一种安全的提取溶剂和无环境污染的细胞破碎方法,以获得类胡萝卜素的最适提取工艺参数。以类胡萝卜素得率为指标,采用7种溶剂分别提取类胡萝卜素,最终确定乙醇溶液为最适提取溶剂。分别采用超声波破碎法和酸热法提取类胡萝卜素,结果表明超声波破碎法较酸热法更有利于类胡萝卜素的提取。在单因素试验基础上,选取乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取温度为自变量,采用Box-Behnken试验设计建立回归模型,获得了类胡萝卜素的最适提取工艺参数为乙醇体积分数73.4%,提取时间30.4 min,提取温度54.4℃。在此条件下,类胡萝卜素得率的预测值为2969.23μg/g,验证试验的试验值为3017.31μg/g,预测值和试验值差异不显著,回归模型拟合程度良好。

Cordyceps militaris,as a novel food,is rich in water-soluble novel carotenoids.The aim of this study is to screen a safe solvent for extracting novel carotenoids from C.militaris fruiting bodies and a method of cell breakage without environmental pollution.The main purpose of this study is to obtain the optimum extraction conditions of C.militaris novel carotenoids.With the yield of carotenoids as the index,seven different solvents were used to extract carotenoids from C.militaris fruiting bodies,and the ethanol solution was determined as the optimum extraction solvent.Carotenoids were extracted by ultrasonic fragmentation method and thermal-acid method respectively,and it was confirmed that the ultrasonic fragmentation method was more conducive to the extraction of carotenoids than the thermal-acid method.Based on the single factor experiment,ethanol concentration,extraction time,and extraction temperature were taken as independent variables.The Box-Behnken design was used to establish the regression model.The optimum extraction coniditions of C.militaris novel carotenoids were obtained as follows:ethanol volume fraction of 73.4%,extraction time of 30.4 min,and extraction temperature of 54.4℃.Under optimal conditions,the predicted yield of carotenoids was 2969.23μg/g,and the experimental yield of carotenoids was 3017.31μg/g.There was no significant difference between the RSM-predicted yield and the experimental yield of carotenoids,and the regression model was well fitted.