云南省红河州绿春县4~14岁在校儿童先天性心脏病患病调查

A survey on prevalence of congenital heart disease among school children aged 4-14 years in Lvchun County,Honghe Prefecture of Yunnan Province

目的了解云南省红河州绿春县4~14岁在校儿童先天性心脏病(CHD)患病情况。方法纳入红河州绿春县全县9个乡镇123所幼儿园及小学共计24932名4~14岁在校儿童,经临床表现初筛及超声确诊,进行CHD普查。结果绿春县4~14岁在校儿童CHD总体患病率为2.086‰(52/24932)。确诊的52名CHD患儿中,房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭、法洛四联症、室间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭分别为25名(48.1%)、16名(30.8%)、9名(17.3%)、1名(1.9%)、1名(1.9%);4~<8岁者占30.8%(16/52),8~<13岁者占61.5%(32/52),13~14岁者占7.7%(4/52)。女童患病率高于男童(P<0.05),但不同乡镇患病率、不同海拔地区间患病率差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论云南省红河州绿春县4~14岁在校儿童CHD患病率较低,患儿主要集中于8~<13岁儿童,以房间隔缺损为主。男童患病率低于女童,但不同乡镇以及不同海拔间患病率无差异。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of congenital heart disease(CHD)among school children aged 4-14 years in Lvchun County,Honghe Prefecture,Yunnan Province.Methods A total of 24932 school children aged 4-14 years were enrolled from 123 kindergartens or primary schools in 9 villages and towns in Lvchun County of Honghe Prefecture.CHD screening was conducted by using clinical manifestations-based primary screening and ultrasound-based definite diagnosis.Results The overall prevalence rate of CHD was 2.086‰(52/24932)among school children aged 4-14 years in Lvchun County.Among the 52 CHD children,25(48.1%)children were diagnosed as atrial septal defect,16(30.8%)children as ventricular petal defect,9(17.3%)children as patent arterial duct,1(1.9%)child as tetralogy of fallot,and 1(1.9%)child as ventricular petal defect complicated with patent arterial duct;children aged 4-<8 years,8-<13 years and 13-14 years accounted for 30.8%(16/52),61.5%(32/52)and 7.7%(4/52),respectively.The prevalence rate of girls was higher than that of boys(P<0.05),whereas there was no statistically significant difference in prevalence rate among different villages and towns or between regions at different altitudes(all P>0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of CHD is relatively low among school children aged 4-14 years in Lvchun County,Honghe Prefecture of Yunnan Province,CHD is common in the children aged 8-<13 years,and atrial septal defect is the main type.The prevalence rate is lower in boys than in girls,but presenting no significant difference between different villages and towns or between different altitudes.