冷冻煅烧法制备NiO/Ni复合材料及电容性能研究

Freezing calcination preparation and performance of nickel oxide/nickel nanocomposites as supercapacitor electrodes

首次采用冷冻煅烧法制备NiO/Ni纳米复合材料,重点考察不同冷冻温度对该复合材料的结构形貌及电容性能的影响。结果表明:随着冷冻温度的降低,结晶过冷度增大,材料的粒径不断减小并且趋于均匀化,比表面积单调增大。当冷冻温度为-20℃时,材料平均粒径为20~50 nm,比表面积达到337.6 m^2/g。同时,纳米Ni单质的引入也增强了材料的导电性能,当电流密度为1 A/g时,其比电容达到820 F/g,所制得NiO/Ni纳米复合材料具有优异的电化学性能。该方法大大降低了材料制备的能耗,为NiO/Ni纳米复合材料的制备方法提供新的思路。

NiO/Ni nanocomposites were synthesized for the first time via freezing calcination method.And the effect of freezing temperatures on the structure and performance as supercapacitor electrodes was mainly studied.The results show that the particle size of the nanocomposites decreases and become homogenous as freezing temperature decreases,which monotonically increases the specific surface area.At the freezing temperature of-20℃,the specific surface area of the nanocomposites were 337.6 m^2/g with the diameter of particles at 20-50 nm.The Ni nanoparticles also improve the conductivity of the material.The results show that the NiO/Ni composite electrode can achieve largest specific capacity of 820 F/g at current density of 1 A/g.This method greatly reduced the energy consumption and provided a new method for the preparation of NiO/Ni nanocomposites.