圈养东北虎育幼期行为观察

Behavior Observation of Captive Amur Tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)During Nursing Period

2017年3月19日昆明动物园1头雌性东北虎产下3只幼仔。本项研究通过监控视频,使用瞬时扫描法,记录了雌虎及幼虎在此日后30 d内的行为并进行了整理和分析;观察结果显示,雌虎在哺乳初期的行为以休息和哺乳为主,分别占到了行为总频率的55.13%和19.21%,而幼虎在哺乳初期的行为以休息和吮乳为主,分别占到了71.25%和12.98%。不同时期雌虎出现的休息、哺乳、亲幼虎行为差异显著(P<0.05),移动、进食和其他行为的差异极显著(P<0.01);幼虎表现出的休息、吮乳、拱拔、张望、玩耍和其他行为在6个时期都呈现极显著差异(P<0.01),亲雌虎行为差异显著(P<0.05),而移动行为在不同时期的差异不显著;幼虎在哺乳初期还有新的行为发育出现。

A female Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)gave birth to 3 cubs at Kunming Zoo on 19th March,2017.We recorded behaviors of the female tiger and cubs during 30 days after birth(divided into 6 stages,5 days of each stage)by video monitoring and instantaneous scanning,and collated and analyzed the data.The results showed that rest and lactation were the main behaviors of female tigers in the early stage of lactation,accounting for 55.1%and 19.2%of all behaviors,respectively.Resting and suckling were the main behaviors of cubs in the early stage of lactation,accounting for 71.3%and 13.0%,respectively.Rest,suckling,and intimate behaviors(mother to cubs)differed significantly(P<0.05)by time of day.Movement,feeding and other behaviors differed extremely significantly(P<0.01).Cub resting,suckling,flapping,watching,playing,and other behaviors differed between the six stages(P<0.01).Intimate behavior differed(P<0.05)but movement did not differ by stage.New behavior development appeared in the early lactation stage of young tigers.