三例美洲驼狂犬病自然病例的诊断

Diagnosis of Three Natural Cases of Rabies in Llama(Lama glama)

狂犬病是由狂犬病病毒引起的一种人畜共患性传染病,一直威胁着人类和动物生命。本研究采用病理学、直接免疫荧光法和免疫组织化学方法在内蒙古自治区确诊了3例美洲驼狂犬病自然病例。尸体剖检显示3只病死美洲驼表现角弓反张、心衰和脑水肿。病理组织学观察在小脑浦金野细胞、脑干多极神经元、大脑多形细胞和海马多形细胞胞浆内均可观察到大小不等的嗜酸性狂犬病病毒包涵体(Negri body),其中病程长的1只美洲驼的脑组织内观察到典型的病毒性脑炎。直接免疫荧光试验结果显示在3只美洲驼小脑组织内检测到亮绿色的狂犬病病毒抗原的特异性阳性信号。免疫组织化学结果显示在3只美洲驼小脑浦金野细胞的胞浆内检测到圆形、椭圆形的典型的棕色狂犬病病毒抗原的特异性阳性信号。本研究在国内首次报道了美洲驼狂犬病。

Rabies is a zoonosis caused by the rabies virus,which threatens human and animal life.In this study,3 natural cases of rabies in llamas were confirmed by pathology,direct immun-ofluorescence assay(DFA)and immunohistochemistry(IHC)in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.At autopsy,opisthotonos,heart failure and encephaledema were observed in the 3 dead llamas.Histopathologically,eosinophilic viral inclusion bodies(Negri bodies)were observed within the cytoplasm of the cerebellum Purkinje s cells,in the multipole neurons in the brain stem,and in cerebrum polymorphic cells and hippocampus polymorphic cells in all 3 llamas.Typical viral encephalitis was observed in the brain tissue of a llama at 7 days into the course of the disease.DFA showed that a number of bright green positive signals of rabies virus antigen were observed in the cerebellum tissues of the 3 llamas.Immunohistochemical results showed that round,oval,typical brown signals of rabies antigen were detected in the cytoplasm of the cerebellum Purkinje s cells of the 3 llamas.In this study,llama rabies was reported for the first time in China.