矿物基化学吸附储热技术的研究进展

Research progress of mineral-based chemical adsorption heat storage technology

化学吸附储热技术近年来在太阳能利用和中低温余热领域得到了广泛关注,与传统的显热储热和相变储热技术相比具有储热密度高、储热损失小、可实现冷热双储等优点,然而其传质传热问题和液解问题导致的吸附性能和循环稳定性能的降低限制了其规模化应用。本文综述了利用矿物基多孔结构材料对化学吸附材料进行封装的方法以解决上述问题,总结了近年来石墨、蛭石等不同矿物基化学吸附储热材料的特点及其在化学吸附系统中的应用,主要介绍了矿物基化学吸附材料的两种体系(无机盐-水体系和氯盐-氨体系)的传质传热、化学吸附热等性能,并进一步指出了矿物基化学吸附储热技术未来的发展趋势,提出开发新型矿物基复合材料和优化化学吸附系统是未来的研究热点。

In recent years,chemical adsorption heat storage technology has been widely concerned in solar energy utilization and low and medium temperature waste heat storage utilization.Compared with the traditional sensible heat storage and phase change heat storage technologies,it has the advantages of high heat storage density,small heat storage loss and storing both heat and cold.However,the decreases of adsorption performance and cyclic stability,which are caused by mass heat transfer and hydrolysis problems of chemically adsorbed heat storage materials,affect the industrialization process.In this paper,the method of encapsulating the chemical adsorption material with the mineral-based porous structure material is reviewed.The characteristics of different mineral-based chemical adsorption heat storage materials such as graphite,vermiculite and their recent applications in the chemical adsorption system are summarized.The mass transfer and heat transfer performance,enthalpy of chemical adsorption and other properties of the two systems(inorganic salt-water system and chlorine-ammonia system)of the mineralbased chemical adsorption materials are introduced,and the future development trends of the mineralbased chemical adsorption heat storage technology are further pointed out.The development of new types of mineral-based composites and the optimization of chemisorption system are the hot topics in the future.