水体中微塑料的环境影响行为研究进展

Research progress on environmental influence behavior of microplastics in water

微塑料是指一类广泛存在于环境中的粒径小于5mm的塑料颗粒的总称,当其存在于水体环境中,容易吸附其他污染物,影响它们的迁移行为,进而对生态效应产生影响。本文依据水体环境中微塑料的相关研究报道,对微塑料在水环境中的影响行为进行概述。主要从微塑料的物理、化学和生物特性在环境中的变化特性,微塑料与环境中其他污染物质的相互作用关系,以及微塑料及其复合污染体系对水生生物造成的生态效应影响等3个方面对微塑料的环境行为进行总结、归纳与阐述。最后,针对微塑料对水环境中的环境影响效应,提出了今后的研究方向与展望。

Microplastics which defined as one of the class of plastic particles with a diameter less than 5 mm are widely existed in the environment.They are easy to absorb other pollutants and affect their migration behavior,thus cause a series of potential harm to the ecological environment when microplastics exist in the aquatic environment.In this paper,the environmental influence behavior of microplastics in water was summarized based on the related research reports of microplastics.The changes of physical,chemical and biological characteristics of microplastics were discussed in this paper,as well as the interaction behavior between microplastics and other pollutants in the environment.The ecological effect of microplastics and the combined pollution system on aquatic organisms were also summarized.Finally,based on the environment impact of microplastics in the aquatic ecosystem,the direction and expectation of the research of microplastics in the water environment were proposed.