近代“废医存药”思想的再考察——起源、视域与影响

Reinvestigation on the Thought of“Abolishing Yi and Reserving Yao”in Late Qing and Early Republic:Origin,Perspective and Influence

“废医存药”思想最早隐见于近代来华传教士等人的言论,历经俞樾、余云岫等人发展,对近代以来中医药发展产生深远影响。俞樾与余云岫虽都主张“废医存药”,但两者视域却不尽相同。更为重要是,“废医存药”对中医药的冲击不仅具体指向“废医”与“存药”两个方面,而且冲击了传统中医药的话语体系,一定程度上解构了中医与中药两者之间传统的密切关系,为后来“废止中医案”、“中药科学化”等近代思想主张或实践提供了理论基础和舆论准备。

The idea of“Abolishing Yi(the theory of TCM or Traditional Chinese Medicine)and Reserving Yao(traditional medicinal substances)”could be first found in the comments of foreign missionaries in China,and through the advocacy of Yu Yue and Yu Yunxiu,it had a profound influence on the development of TCM in modern Chinese history.It should be noted,however,that the two advocators,they differed in their horizons.What’s more,the idea did not only direct at abolishing the theory and reserving the herbs,but it also dealt a blow to the whole TMC discourse.To some extent,it has deconstructed the close relationship between Yi and Yao in TMC,and has provided a theoretical basis and public opinion for such later proposals and practices as the“Abolishing Yi Movement”and the“Scientification of TCM”.