“三个过程、两个阶段”:邓子恢主政中南初期的农村工作指针评析

"Three Processes,Two Stages":An Analysis of Deng Zihui's Rural Work Indicators in the Early Central South China

作为中共党内杰出的农民运动和农村工作专家,邓子恢一生心系农民,始终从尊重农民利益,遵循农村客观实际出发提出指导农村工作的方针,在此基础上制定、颁布合理的农村政策,最大限度满足农民需求,激发革命激情和生产热情,并将他们紧密团结在中共周围,使之成为推动中共革命取得胜利的重要有生力量。其在主政中南时期(1949—1952),一方面为了落实党的新民主主义政策,另一方面也是根据中南区新老解放区杂陈并举的现实难题,创造性的提出在推动农村工作过程中必须依照剿匪反霸、双减、土改三步骤依序而行的“三个过程,两个阶段”论,有效做到了满足农民利益、激发农民热情、打击匪霸势力、发展农业生产、稳定农村秩序等几方面的综合平衡,为中共在农村由革命向执政转型打下坚实基础,其所领导下的中南农村工作也成为新中国成立前后全国五个大区的典型和样板,受到中央的高度肯定。

As an outstanding expert in peasant movement and rural work in the CCP,Deng Zihui concerns about farmers in all his life.He always advocates the principle of guiding rural work from the perspective of respecting the interests of peasants and following the objective reality of rural areas.On this basis,he formulates and promulgates reasonable rural policies,maximizes the needs of farmers,stimulates revolutionary passion and production enthusiasm,and closely unites them around the CCP,making it an important living force to promote the victory of the CCP revolution.During his charge in Central South China from 1949 to 1952,on one hand,he implemented the party's new-democratic policy,on the other hand,based on the practical problems of the new and old liberated areas in Central and Southern China,in the process of promoting rural work,he creatively proposed the"three processes,two stages"theory of the three steps of anti-hegemony,double reduction,and land reform,effectively fulfilling the interests of farmers,stimulating farmers'enthusiasm,cracking down on the hegemony,developing agricultural production,and stabilizing rural order.The comprehensive balance of several aspects has laid a solid foundation for the CCP's transition from revolution to governance in the countryside.The rural work in Central and South China under its leadership has also become a model and model of the five major regions of the country before and after the founding of New China,and has been highly recognized by the central government.