流动献血车与固定献血点全血采集无偿献血者结构分析

Structural Analysis of Unpaid Blood Donors Collected from Mobile Blood Donation Vehicles and Fixed Blood Donation Points

目的分析长沙市流动献血车和固定献血点全血采集情况和人口特征,为优化献血地点和招募策略提供参考。方法对2017年长沙市流动采血车和固定献血点采集的144 333名无偿献血者作为研究对象对流动献血车和固定献血点性别、年龄、职业、学历及血液复检淘汰情况进行分析。结果流动献血车与固定献血点不同性别、年龄、职业、学历构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在无偿捐献全血人群中两种献血地点男性献血者均高(P<0.05);流动献血车18~24岁人群显著高于固定献血点,25~34岁人群固定献血点高于流动献血车(P<0.05);流动献血车职业分布献血人次占比最多的是学生,固定献血点是其他类职业;流动献血车献血者本科和专科学历均高于固定献血点,固定献血点高中学历比例大于大专院校以上学历;流动献血车复检淘汰率2.01%,固定献血点复检淘汰率3.27%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论目前,在长沙无偿捐献全血的主要方式是流动献血车,男性、18~24岁、大专院校学生、大专以上学历人群是无偿献血主体。注意选址充分发挥固定献血点在全市的布局和运行方式,并强化流动献血车的优点,根据献血人群结构特点做针对性的宣传,可提高血液采集的数量和质量。

Objective To analyze the whole blood collection situation and demographic characteristics of mobile blood donation vehicles and fixed blood donation points in Changsha, and provide references for optimizing blood donation sites and recruitment strategies. Methods The gender, age, occupation, educational background and blood re-examination of mobile blood donation vehicles and fixed blood donation sites in Changsha City in 2017 were analyzed. Results In 2017, there were statistically significant differences in the composition of different blood, blood, and blood donation vehicles between Changsha City and fixed blood donation sites(P<0.05). In 2017, Changsha City’s unpaid whole blood donors were highly sexual male donors at both blood donation sites(P<0.05);the mobile blood donation vehicle was significantly higher than the fixed blood donation point for people aged 18 to 24, and the fixed blood donation point for people aged 25 to 34. Higher than the mobile blood donation vehicle(P <0.05);the occupational distribution of mobile blood donation vehicles is the largest proportion of students, and fixed blood donation points are other types of occupations;the mobile blood donation vehicle blood donors have higher undergraduate and college education than fixed blood donation points The proportion of high school education of blood donation points is higher than that of colleges and universities;the elimination rate of mobile blood donation vehicles is 2.01%, and the elimination rate of fixed blood donation points is 3.27%, the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion At present, the main method of donating whole blood without compensation in Changsha is a mobile blood donation vehicle, male, 18-24 years old, college students, and college graduates are the main subjects of unpaid blood donation, to pay attention to the location selection and to give full play to the layout and operation of fixed blood donation points in the city, and to strengthen the advantages of mobile blood donation vehicles, and make targeted publicity according to the characteristics of the structure of the blood donation crowd, which can improve the quantity and quality of blood collection.