我国国家公园体制建设中利益相关者关系研究

Research on the Relationship of Stakeholders in the Construction of National Park System in China

我国自然保护地将国家公园作为主体,保护具有国家代表性的生态系统和自然景观的原真性和完整性,同时具有全民公益性。从利益相关者视角出发,以国家公园管理部门、旅游投资公司和社区居民为主要利益相关者,分析三者的行为目标与策略选择,通过三方博弈提出解决国家公园体制建设过程中的最优策略,即应改变管理部门与旅游投资企业在国家公园试点中进行不合作博弈的狭隘认知,而应选择国家公园管理部门、旅游投资企业和社区居民三方合作博弈。同时,提出了相应的建议以期进一步保护国家公园自然资源并将可持续利用制度顺利实行。

China’s nature reserves take national parks as the main body to protect the authenticity and integrity of nationally representative ecosystems, and at the same time have the public welfare. From the perspective of stakeholders, this article takes the national park management department, tourism investment company, and community residents as the main stakeholders, analyzes the behavior goals and strategic choices of the three, and proposes a three-party game to solve the optimal process in the construction of the national park system The strategy is to change the narrow understanding of the non-cooperative game between the management department and the tourism investment enterprises in the pilot national parks. Instead, choose a tripartite cooperative game between the national park management department, tourism investment enterprises, and community residents. At the same time, corresponding suggestions are put forward to further protect the natural resources of the national park and implement the sustainable use system smoothly.