看似真实的自然灾害:也谈《金瓶梅》的虚实问题

Seemingly Real Natural Disasters:On the Virtual Problem of Jin Ping Mei

以“淫秽”著称的《金瓶梅》不乏有关自然灾害的书写,这些自然灾害涉及到水灾、雪灾、风灾、旱灾4类,总计6处。经考证,这些自然灾害描写皆于史不符,纯属虚构。《金瓶梅》的自然灾害书写不仅增强了小说文本对人物形象的刻画、反映了宋明两朝的谶纬迷信思潮,还影响了后世世情小说的灾害书写,部分自然灾害描写亦可见明史的影子。除此之外,其中的水灾、风灾可视为完整的灾害故事情节,在我国古代灾害文学叙事上意义重大,它们与雪灾、旱灾一道讥弹劝世,共美风化。

Though known as"obscene book",Jin Ping Mei had also written about natural disasters,which included floods,snowstorms,wind storms,and drought in six parts.Through a textual research,these natural disaster descriptions are not consistent with history,are full of fiction.However,the natural disaster writings in Jin Ping Me did not only enhance the portrayal of the characters in the novel text,reflect the prophecy superstitious thought in the Song and Ming dynasties,but also influenced the disaster writing of the later generations’situation novels,some of which can be seen in the History of the Ming Dynasty.In addition,the floods,wind disasters can be regarded as a complete disaster storyline,playing an important role in China's ancient disaster literature,they derided the world,making customs more beautiful with snowstorm and drought.