医护人员职业暴露造成医院感染因素分析及对策

Analysis and Countermeasures of Nosocomial Infections Caused by Occupational Exposure of Medical Staff

目的分析医护人员职业暴露造成医院感染因素,并制定相应的管理对策。方法抽取2017年1月-2019年1月在该院工作的200名医护人员作为主要研究对象,其中于2017年1月-2018年1月调查的医护人员未实施相关管理,作为对照组,而2018年2月-2019年1月调查的医护人员接受针对性管理,作为观察组,比较观察组与对照组医护人员的职业暴露发生率、医院感染发生率,并对暴露方式、暴露部位、暴露源以及暴露后的处理情况进行对比。结果观察组的医护人员职业暴露发生率和医院感染发生率均显著低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组在暴露方式、暴露部位和暴露源方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但观察组出现职业暴露后处理更加及时,相比于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论导致医护人员职业暴露的原因较多,而医护人员职业暴露是造成医院感染的主要原因,因此,要对职业暴露原因进行分析,并根据具体的原因制定相应的干预管理对策,以降低医院感染的发生率。

Objective To analyze the factors of nosocomial infections caused by occupational exposure of medical staff and develop corresponding management countermeasures. Methods 200 medical staff working in the hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were selected as the main research objects. Among them, the medical staff surveyed from January 2017 to January 2018 did not implement relevant management, and served as the control group. The medical staff surveyed from February 2018 to January 2019 received targeted management as an observation group, the occupational exposure rate and nosocomial infection rate of the medical staff in the observation group and the control group were compared, and the exposure methods, exposed sites, exposure sources, and treatment after exposure were compared. Results The incidence of occupational exposures and nosocomial infections of medical staff in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the exposure methods, exposure sites, and exposure sources between the two groups(P>0.05),but the observation group showed post-occupational treatment is more timely, and there are statistically significant differences compared to the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion There are many reasons for occupational exposure of medical personnel, and occupational exposure of medical personnel is the main cause of nosocomial infection. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the causes of occupational exposure and formulate corresponding intervention and management countermeasures based on specific causes to reduce nosocomial infection incidence.