肿瘤科护士职业生活品质现状及其影响因素分析

The status and related factors of professional quality of life in oncology nurses

目的:调查分析肿瘤科护士职业生活品质现状及其影响因素。方法:采用一般情况调查表、职业生活品质量表(ProQOL)、Connor和Davidson心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)、杰弗逊共情量表(JSPE)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)对398名肿瘤科护士进行问卷调查。结果:肿瘤科护士职业生活品质中同情心满足、二次创伤和工作倦怠得分分别为34.15±7.03,26.37±6.09,25.15±6.04;同情心满足与护士心理弹性、共情能力、社会支持总分和各维度得分均呈正相关(r=0.181~0.680,P<0.01);同情心疲乏与护士心理弹性、共情能力、社会支持总分和各维度得分均呈负相关(r=-0.202^-0.425,P<0.01);经多元回归分析,坚韧、自强、乐观、重要他人对同情心满足有影响,共解释51.4%的变异量;职称、坚韧、自强、观点采择、换位思考、重要他人对同情心疲乏有影响,共解释32.7%的变异量。结论:肿瘤科护士职业生活品质水平处于中等水平,关注职称较高的肿瘤科护士的同情心疲乏水平;提高护士心理弹性、共情能力、社会支持可有效提升护士职业生活品质,改善护士的心理健康状况。

Objective:To investigate status of professional quality of life in oncology nurses and analyze the related factors.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 398 oncology nurses by using the general information questionare,Chinese version of professional quality of life scale(ProQOL),Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC),Jefferson scale of physician empathy(JSPE)and perceived social support scale(PSSS).Results:The mean score of compassion satisfaction,burnout,secondary trauma were(34.15±7.03),(26.37±6.09),(25.15±6.04)respectively.Compassion satisfaction was positively related to empathy ability,resilience and perceived social support(r=0.181~0.680,P<0.01),while compassion fatigue was negatively related to them(r=-0.202^-0.425,P<0.01).Multivariate analysis showed that 4 factors(tenacity,strength,optimism,other support)entered compassion satisfaction’s regression equation,which could explain 51.4%of the variance.While 6 factors(job title,tenacity,strength,perspective taking,transposition consideration,other support)entered compassion fatigue’s regression equation,which could explain32.67% of the variance.Conclusion:The level of Professional quality of life of oncology nurses is medium.Nursing managers should consider some influencing factors,such as job title,empathy ability,resilience and perceived social support,to improve their professional quality of life.