人口流出地区城镇化路径机制再认识——以四川省县域单元为例

Re-examination of urbanization paths and mechanism in population outflow areas:A case study of counties in Sichuan Province

论文以四川省县域单元为研究对象,探讨了人口流出地区城镇化发展的特征与机制。研究发现,不同于沿海地区,四川省县域城镇化以生活为主导,农民进城的目标以生活与教育为主,而非进城务工。进城人群的主体是劳动力大量流失后剩下的留守人群,进城生活的经济来源相当程度上依赖外出劳动力打工收入的返还。在产业支撑城镇化能力较弱的同时,形成了异地工业化带动本地城镇化的特殊模式。在特殊的人口进城机制影响下,人口流出地区往往呈现特殊的城镇化表现,如人口流出越多,城镇化速度越快,县城可以脱离制造业而繁荣发展,县域城镇人口增速远超过地级市等。基于新的认识,研究对城镇化机制相关认识进行了探讨,并就此类地区城镇化发展的长期趋势、潜在问题进行了展望。

Taking the county unit of Sichuan Province as the research object,the characteristics and mechanism of urbanization in population outflow areas are discussed.The study found that:different from the experience of coastal cities,urbanization of counties in Sichuan Province is dominated by living-oriented type,and the main driving forces for the urbanization of rural population are consumption and education demands.The main body of the newly urbanized population is the left-behind population after considerable labor losses,and their financial resource of living in cities depends to a large extent on the remittance sent back by migrant workers.Industry shows weak support to urbanization,forming a special mode of urbanization,that is,remote industrialization driven local urbanization,which leads to many unique phenomena.For example,the more population outflow,the faster urbanization speed;counties continued to grow and flourish without manufacturing development;and the urbanization speed of counties is faster than that of city.Based on these new findings,this article discussed the relevant understanding of urbanization mechanism and the prospect of long-term trend and potential problems of urbanization development in such areas.