我国北方旱作农田保护性耕作发展与展望

Developments and Prospects of Conservation Tillage in the Dryland of Northern China

保护性耕作是旱地耕作制度的重要组成部分,我国自2002年开始在全国范围内大规模推广保护性耕作。通过少耕、免耕及秸秆还田等综合配套措施,减少农田土壤侵蚀,保护农田生态环境,达到生态、经济效益协调发展的目的。对我国北方旱作农田土壤耕作发展历程、保护性耕作主要成就进行了梳理,并对未来我国北方旱作农田保护性耕作面临的新任务进行了展望,为气候变化条件下旱作农田持续高效发展提供借鉴。

Conservation tillage is an important part of dryland tillage system,it has been popularized in China with large scale since 2002.Through the integrated supporting measures,such as less tillage,no-tillage and straw returning to the field,the soil erosion of farmland can be reduced,and the eco-environment of farmland can be protected.Meanwhile,the goal of coordinated development of ecological and economic benefits can be achieved.In this paper,the development history of soil tillage and the main achievements of conservation tillage in dryland of northern China were reviewed and the new tasks of conservation tillage in dryland of northern China were prospected so as to provide references for the sustainable and efficient development of dryland under the condition of climate change.