甘蔗脱毒种苗第三代种茎不同体积单芽育苗差异及其移栽效果

The Difference of Single Bud Seedling of the Third Generation of Sugarcane Virus-Free Plantlets with Different Seedcane Sizes and Transplanting Effect

推动现有甘蔗栽培模式实现从“甘蔗种茎”向“甘蔗种苗”变革,达到消除农民自留种目的,提高甘蔗产量和蔗糖分。以桂糖42号脱毒健康苗第3代种茎为材料,设完整单芽、1/2单芽、1/4单芽育苗、常规种茎种植(对照)4个处理,比较不同体积单芽育苗差异及移栽效果。结果表明,完整单芽处理的株高、苗粗、叶片数、根鲜重、根干重均显著高于1/2单芽和1/4单芽处理;1/2单芽处理的叶片数、根鲜重和根干重显著高于1/4单芽处理,而两者之间的株高和苗粗差异不明显;所有育苗移栽处理的成活率和有效茎数均优于常规种茎种植,产量和蔗糖分也高于常规种茎种植,其中完整单芽处理的产量和蔗糖分分别比常规种茎种植提高了18.13%和1.10个百分点,差异达到显著水平。完整单芽育苗的农艺性状、原料蔗产量和蔗糖分表现最好。

To change the existing mode of sugarcane cultivation and realizing the change from‘sugarcane stem planting’to‘sugarcane seedling planting’,so it can eliminate the purpose of farmers'self-reservation of stem and to increase the sugarcane yield and sucrose content.The third generation seedcane of Guitang 42 derived from regenerated sugarcane virus-free plantlets as material,four treatments of seedcane including complete single bud,1/2 single bud,1/4 single bud and conventional seedcane(control)were adopted to study the effects of seedling breeding and transplanting of different sizes of bud.The plant height,seedling diameter,number of leaves,root fresh weight and root dry weight of the treatments with single bud were significantly higher than that of the treatments with 1/2 single bud and 1/4 single bud.The number of leaves,root fresh weight and root dry weight of the treatment with 1/2 single bud were also significantly higher than that of the treatment with 1/4 single bud,but the difference of plant height and seedling diameter between them wasn’t significant.The treatments(complete single bud,1/2 single bud,1/4 single bud)transplanting survival rate,effective stem number were superior to the control,and yield and sucrose content is higher than the control by 18.13%and 1.10 percentage points,especially the yield and sucrose content of the treatment with complete single bud.Among the four treatments,the agronomic characters,yield of raw sugarcane and sucrose content of the treatment with complete bud were the best.