益生菌在犊牛中的应用与研究

Application and Research of Probiotics in Calves

犊牛在幼龄阶段时,其消化系统和免疫系统还未发育健全,腹泻发病率居高不下,从而导致犊牛的饲养难度增高。随着抗生素的副作用越来越明显,寻找抗生素替代物被提上议程。益生菌具有调节犊牛消化道微生态平衡、抑制病原微生物、增强胃肠道消化吸收及调节机体免疫等功能,能够起到提高犊牛生长性能、预防和治疗犊牛腹泻、降低犊牛发病率和死亡率的目的。但益生菌制剂的发展刚刚处于起始阶段,且益生菌在反刍动物方面的研究稀少,所以对益生菌制剂的研究尤为重要。本文对益生菌的功能机制及其在犊牛中的应用与研究作以综述。

The digestive system and immune system of calves are not well developed.These factors lead to difficult feeding and high incidence of diarrhea in calves.As the side effects of antibiotics become more and more obvious,finding alternatives of antibiotics is on the agenda.Probiotics can regulate the microecological balance of digestive tract,inhibit pathogenic microorganism,enhance digestive function of gastrointestinal tract,regulate body immunity,improve the growth performance,prevent and treat diarrhea of calves.The usage of probiotics can reduce the morbidity and mortality of calves.At present,the study of probiotics is still in the initial stage,and its application in ruminants is still rare,so the corresponding researches is particularly important.In this paper,the application and research of probiotics in calves were reviewed.