摘要
本文依次描写普通话的非现实谓语、现实性从句、现实性主句里"了_1"的分布状况,揭示谓语整体属性的三项语法因素"现实性状况、句法地位、句末助词(话语地位)"如何确立"了1"出现的基本格局。这项考察直接证明普通话"了1"性质上存在"动相补语→助词"的连续统,印证了Fan(2014)据跨方言比较提出的"‘了1’梯度性异质"假设。
This paper describes the distribution of verbal le in irrealis VPs,realis subordinate VPs and realismatrices.It is found that the use of verbal le is mainly subject to the realis/irrealis nature of the VP,the syntactic status of the VP and the nature of the sentence-final particle.Their effective strength forms a priority hierarchy:{realis/irrealis nature of the VP>syntactic status of VP>nature of the sentence-final particle}.In fact,the three factors determinethe integral grammatical attributes of the VP,including its temporal location and discourse status.This research reflects that verbal le in Mandarin is a heterogeneous morpheme,representing different stages in the process of grammaticalization.
出处
《世界汉语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期185-200,共16页
Chinese Teaching in the World
基金
北京市社会科学基金项目“语义地图及语言接触视角下的汉语时体态研究”(16YYC026)的资助。
