白术的炮制方法变迁及其对功效的影响

The changes of processing method and theoretical pharmacodynamic analysis of largehead atractylodes rhizome

白术被古人誉为"补气健脾第一要药",是中医临床常用的大宗药材之一。根据临床治疗要求的不同可有生用白术、土炒白术、麸炒白术、焦白术等多种炮制品。炮制质量对保障药效、用药安全及提高制剂工艺等具有十分重要的意义。通过对历代古籍、近现代文献和规范中白术炮制方法的详尽考证,厘清白术历代炮制沿革的脉络,并结合炮制工艺差异、辅料添加及药效理论分析等,总结得出炮制工艺变革的内在规律和外在因素,即省却了繁琐和重复的步骤又同时提高和优化了炮制方剂的疗效和质量,并在后续的实践中得到规范与统一,为白术乃至其他中药材炮制工艺研究与发展提供参考。

Largehead atractylodes rhizome,known as"the first essential medicine for invigorating qi and strengthening spleen",is one of the most commonly used Chinese materia medica.According to the different clinical treatment requirements,largehead atractylodes rhizome can be processed into a variety types of products,such as raw,fried with earth,stir-frying with bran,and deep-fried largehead atractylodes rhizome.The processing quality is of great significance to ensure the efficacy,drug safety and improve the preparation process.Through the detailed research on the processing methods of largehead atractylodes rhizome in ancient books,modern documents and norms,this study clarifies the history and evolution of the processing technology of largehead atractylodes rhizome in ancient and modern times,and summarizes the internal laws and external factors of the processing technology changes by combining the processing technology differences,materials addition and theoretical analysis of pharmacodynamics.It not only saves the tedious and repeated steps,but also improves and optimizes the efficacy and quality of the preparation,and gets standardization and unification in the follow-up practice,which provides a reference for the research and development of the processing technology of largehead atractylodes rhizome and other Chinese materia medica.