悖信援引时效抗辩权的法律规制

The Legal Regulation of Dishonestly Citing the Defense Right of Prescription

义务人实施一定言行导致权利人合理信赖诉讼时效不会成为其行使权利的障碍,其后义务人援引时效抗辩权的,构成悖信援引行为。我国现行法框架下对于悖信援引行为的法律规制,难以通过起算、中断等规则予以解决,而应当适用诚实信用原则或禁止权利滥用原则限制此类援引行为。司法实务中适用诚实信用原则或禁止权利滥用原则处理时效援引争议的典型案例包括:义务人恶意躲避权利人、双方存在长期合作关系使权利人产生合理信赖、时效期间届满后双方进行某种形式的磋商等。对于司法实务中某些误用此二原则的裁判意见,应当尽量予以纠正和避免。

The obligor’s implementation of certain words and deeds causes the obligee to reasonably trust the limitation of action will not be an obstacle to the exercise of its rights,while the obligor cites the defense right of prescription afterwards would constitute violation of credit invocation.Under the current legal framework of China,the legal regulation of violation of credit invocation is difficult to solve the disputes by the rules of starting、interrupting,etc.,therefore the Good Faith Principle or the Prohibition of Abuse of Rights Principle should be applied to limit such invocations.Typical examples of the above two principles in judicial practice to deal with the disputes concerning limitation of action include:the obligor maliciously evades the obligee,the existence of long-term cooperative relationship between the two parties enables the obligees to generate reasonable trust,and the two parties carry out some form of consultation after the expiration of the limitation period and so on.Some of the judgments misuse the two principles in judicial practice should be corrected and avoided as far as possible.