猪伪狂犬病病毒变异株感染绵羊胚胎鼻甲上皮细胞的病毒形态发生和细胞超微结构观察

Studies on pseudorabies virus variant MQ18 strain morphogenesis in OFTu cell and the ultrastructural changes of the infected cells

应用超薄切片和透射电子显微镜技术,研究猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)MQ18变异株感染绵羊胚胎鼻甲上皮细胞(OFTu)的病毒形态发生和超微结构变化。结果显示:病毒在细胞核内复制、增殖,形成核内包涵体,装配好的病毒通过核内膜获得初始囊膜,以出芽方式出核进入细胞质,在高尔基体区域进行加工修饰、二次获得囊膜后形成完整病毒粒子,以包裹有病毒粒子的空泡与细胞膜相互融合方式,将病毒释放到细胞外;细胞超微结构主要表现为细胞质内空泡增多,线粒体增生、肿大,空泡样变,粗面内质网扩张,高尔基体形态异常,细胞核染色质浓缩、边集,最后细胞破坏、裂解,可见细胞早期凋亡及自噬小体结构。本研究结果为阐明PRV的感染和致病机制提供了理论依据。

The morphogenesis of pseudorabies virus(PRV) field variant isolate strain MQ18 in OFTu cells and the ultrastructural changes of host cells were observed and analysed by using transmission electron microscopic technique.Results showed that the virus replicated and proliferated in the nucleus and formed intranuclear inclusion bodies.The assembled virus got its initial membranes through the inner membranes of nuclear,then entered the cytoplasm by budding.After modification in the Golgi body region and gained capsule membranes for the second time,complete virus particles formed.The mature viruses were released from infected cells by cell membranes fusing with the vacuoles containing the virus particles.The main ultrastructural changes of the infected cells were as follows:Increased number of cytoplasmic vacuoles,mitochondrial hyperplasia,enlargement and the formation vacuoles,rough endo-plasmic reticulum dilatation.Golgi bodies were in abnormal shape,and the nucleus chromatin condensed or edge set.Eventually the cell destroyed and lysed.Early apoptosis and autophagy could be observed.The results may provide theoretical basis for elucidating the infection and pathogenic mechanism of PRV.