2016~2018年萍乡市结核病流行特征调查分析

Analysis on the epidemiologic feature of tuberculosis from 2016 to 2018 in Pingxiang

目的调查萍乡市结核病疫情现状及流行病学特征,为制定全市结核病防治策略提供参考依据。方法由于我院为我市唯一结核病治疗医院,因此利用电子病历系统收集我院2016~2018年结核病数据信息,使用SPSS软件进行统计学处理分析。结果2016~2018年我院总共收治结核病患者1693例,其中2016、2017、2018年分别报道结核患者为491、527、675例。其中初治1405例,占83.0%,痰菌阳性628例,占37.1%;男女比例为3.15:1,男性发病率远高于女性(P<0.05);2018年较2016年各个县区大部分均有所增长,开发区与莲花县的发病递增率远高于其他地区(P<0.05)。结论萍乡市结核病患者数有逐年增长趋势,但仍明显低于全国流行水平,以中老年、农村患者为主,因此仍需进一步加强中老年及农村方面结核病宣教及防控工作。

Objective To investigate the current epidemic situation and epidemiologic feature of tuberculosis(TB)in Pingxiang,providing a reference for developing a TB prevention and control strategy applicable to the city.Methods The relevant data from 2016 to 2018 were selected from the electronic medical record system of the only tuberculosis hospital in Pingxiang.All data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software.Results A total of 1693 TB patients were admitted in our hospital from 2016 to 2018,including 491 in 2016,527 in 2017 and 675 in 2018.It was found that 1405 cases received an initial treatment,accounting for 83.0%,and 628 of them were smear-positive TB patients,accounting for 37.1%.The male-female ratio was 3.15,presenting a higher morbidity in males than in females(P<0.05).Compared with 2016,TB cases increased in all counties and districts in 2018.Development District and Lianhua County showed much higher increasing rates of TB than other regions(P<0.05).Conclusion There was a trend of year-on-year growth of TB cases mainly in the middle-aged and the elderly in Pingxiang,especially in the rural area.But the figure is still below national average.Therefore,a health education on adherence to TB prevention and control in the middle-aged and the elderly in the rural area must be enhanced.