鳜不同驯食方式的效果比较

Comparison on the effects of different domestication methods of Mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi

为比较鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)不同驯食方式的驯食效果,以初始均重为(1.9±0.4)g的鳜鱼苗为对象,分设实验组Ⅰ(快速驯饲、软颗粒饲料)、实验组Ⅱ(常规驯饲、软颗粒饲料)、实验组Ⅲ(常规驯饲、硬颗粒饲料)。实验组Ⅰ:以饥饿→活饵→活饵加死饵→死饵加软颗粒饲料→软颗粒饲料的方式逐步过渡驯化;实验组Ⅱ:以活饵→活饵加死饵→死饵加冰鲜饵→冰鲜饵加软颗粒饲料→软颗粒饲料的方式逐步过渡;实验组Ⅲ:以活饵→活饵加死饵→死饵加冰鲜饵→冰鲜饵加硬颗粒饲料→硬颗粒饲料的方式逐步过渡。结果显示,使用快速驯饲与软颗粒饲料技术,驯食天数5 d,稳定投喂3 d,平均驯化率为78.73%;使用常规驯饲与软颗粒饲料技术,驯食天数17 d,稳定投喂3 d,平均驯化率为91.35%;使用常规驯饲与硬颗粒饲料技术,驯食天数17 d,稳定投喂3 d,平均驯化率为56.36%。结果表明,快速驯饲的驯化率低于常规驯饲,但驯化周期明显缩短,投喂软颗粒饲料的驯化率比投喂硬颗粒饲料高。

Due to the special feeding habits of Siniperca chuatsi,the supply of baited fish has gradually become the main limiting factor for the current production of Mandarin fish culture.Therefore,the development of Mandarin fish artificial feed farming is of great practical significance to improve the production and meet the market demand.Feed domestication of Mandarin fish is also a prerequisite for feed breeding.Although many scholars have made some progress in food domestication of Mandarin fish from the aspect of feeding behavior,as well as the feeding mechanism and routine domestication methods,relatively conventional domestication has a long period and complicated process,and the production of feed is time-consuming,laborious,difficult to transport and store,which makes it difficult to meet the needs of current large-scale domestication.In order to improve the domestication efficiency and simplify the domestication process in unit time,this study compared the domestication effects of conventional and rapid domestication,as well as hard pellet feed and soft pellet feed.Targeting fry with an initial average weight of(1.9±0.4)g was divided into 3 groups including the groupⅠ(rapid domesticated,soft granular feed),the groupⅡ(conventional domesticated,soft granular feed),the groupⅢ(conventional domesticated,hard granular feed).3 tanks of each group,100 tails fry of each tank.The ways of domestication in groupⅠ:hunger→live bait→live bait and dead bait→dead bait and soft granular feed→soft granular feed.The ways of domestication in groupⅡ:live bait→live bait and dead bait→death bait and freezed bait→freezed bait and mixed feed→soft granular feed.The ways of domestication in group III:live bait→live bait and dead bait→death bait and freezed bait→freezed bait and hard granular feed→hard granular feed.The results showed that:with domestication for 5 days and stable feeded for 3 days,the domestication rate was 78.73%of rapid domestication and soft granular feed technology;with domestication for 17 days and stable feeded for 3 days,the domestication rate was 91.35%of conventional domesticated and soft granular feed technology;with domestication for 17 days and stable feeded for 3 days,the domestication rate was 56.36%of conventional domesticated and Hard granular feed technology.The study indicated that different domestication time,transition mode and feed can directly affect the adaptability and acceptance of vision and taste of Mandarin fish to different baits.It accepted pellet feed better after long-term routine domestication,and its domestication rate was significantly higher than that of short-term and rapid domestication.The domestication rate of rapid domestication was lower than that of conventional domestication,but the domestication cycle was obviously shortened.The domestication rate of soft granular feed was higher than that of hard granular feed.The acceptance of soft granular feed was higher than that of hard granular feed.The intake rate of soft granular feed was higher,which also helped to accelerate the adaptation process of mandarin fish to feed.In order to enhance the appetite of the fry and promote feeding,we had taken a fasting process on fry before domestication in the groupⅠ,through this process to achieve rapid domestication.The results showed that the survival rate was significantly higher than that of the experimental groupⅡ,although the rate of domestication was lower than that of the groupⅡ.