2CZD-1型段茎式甘蔗种植机设计与试验

Design and Test of 2CZD-1 Billet Sugarcane Planter

研制了2CZD-1型段茎式甘蔗种植机,可一次性完成甘蔗种植的开沟、施肥、自动取种、自动排种、覆土和覆膜等工序,适用于宽窄行甘蔗种植。设计了机架、取送种机构、转盘施肥机构、旋耕覆土机构、覆膜机构和液压传动系统等结构,其中取送种机构采用排冗结构实现均匀排种。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对甘蔗种植机的机架进行模态分析,并通过田间试验获得甘蔗种植机的覆土厚度合格率、种植密度、伤芽率、漏植率及总排肥量稳定性变异系数等性能参数。模拟结果表明,当激励频率为8~80 Hz时,机架容易发生共振,且最大位移可达28.12 mm。田间试验表明,该种植机的种植密度为142325芽/hm^2,覆土厚度合格率为93.6%,伤芽率为2.8%,漏植率为4.7%,种植深度合格率为89.3%,总排肥量稳定性变异系数为5.8%,工作生产率为0.32 hm2/h,符合甘蔗种植机的设计要求,能够显著提高甘蔗种植的效率。

2CZD-1 billet sugarcane planter,which can complete ditching,fertilizing,automatic seedlaying,soil covering,plastic film covering and so on,was designed for billet sugarcane planting in wide-narrow row planting model.The sugarcane planter is mainly consist of frame,seed carrying and metering device,disc-scraper-type fertilizing device,rotary tillage hiller,plastic film covering device,and hydraulic transmission system,in which,the carrying and metering device adopts a redundant structure to realize uniform seeding.In order to optimize the machine structure,the finite element analysis software ANSYS was used for mode analysis in the frame,analyzing the displacement of each part of the frame under different frequency.And the field experiment was carried out,in which,the qualified rate of soil covering thickness,the plant density,the rate of bud injury,the rate of missing seeding,and the coefficient of variation in stability of fertilization amount were measured to verify the performance of the sugarcane planter.The modal analysis results showed that the frame is prone to resonance when the excitation frequency in 8~80 Hz,and the maximum displacement can reach 28.12 mm.The field experiment results showed that the qualified rate of soil covering thickness is 93.6%,the plant density is 142325 buds/hm^2,the rate of bud injury is 2.8%,the rate of missing seeding is 4.7%,the qualified rate of planting depth is 89.3%,the coefficient of variation in stability of fertilization amount is 5.8%and the working hour productivity is 0.32 hm^2/h.Analysis and experiment results showed that the 2CZD-1 billet sugarcane planter meets all the design requirements and can significantly improve sugarcane planting efficiency.