重建财产权:我国土地制度改革的基本经验与方向

Rebuilding Land Property Rights:The Basic Experience and Direction of Land System Reform in China

改革开放40余年来,我国土地制度改革领域取得的基本经验是“在坚持社会主义公有制的基础上重建土地财产权”,而不是“以地生财”或“土地低价征收高价卖出”。通过运用这一改革基本经验,我国的经济和社会发展取得了长足进步,但这些进步主要集中在城市区域的国有土地领域。当这一基本经验继续在广袤的农村地区扩展时,遇到了理论和观念的巨大阻力和障碍。破除这些阻力和障碍的关键在于区分集体土地所有制与社会保障制度,并在此基础上按照“重建土地财产权”这一基本经验对集体土地产权制度进行全面深化改革。

Since the reform and opening-up in 1978,The basic experience gained in the field of land system reform in China is to rebuild land property rights on the basis of adhering to socialist public ownership,but not to make money by land or to collect land at low prices and sell it at high prices by goverment.By using above basic experience of reform,China’s economic and social development has made considerable progress,but these progress is mainly concentrated in the state-owned land in urban areas.When the basic experience of rebuilding land property rights continues to expand in the vast rural areas,it encounters tremendous resistance and obstacles of theory and ideal.The key to break down these obstacles lies in distinguishing collective land ownership from social insurance system,and in accordance with the basic experience to promoting the comprehensive deepening reform of collective land ownership.