基于族群文化视角下的企业家精神探析——以东莞籍客家商人为例

Exploration and Analysis of Entrepreneurship Based on the View of Ethnic-group Culture——Taking the Hakka Merchants of Dongguan as an Example

客家是一个具有悠久历史传承的中华汉族族群之一,长久的迁徙造就了顽强拼搏的客家人,客家人在征服自然、改造生活的过程中也造就了独具特色和影响深远的客家文化。客家商帮是形成于明清时期的广东四大商帮之一,是以文化为凝聚力,以冒险为特征,以勤俭朴实、低调踏实为核心而形成的商帮,在历史的演变中已经成为一个传统的客商文化并构成了一种具有族群特征的企业家精神。客家企业文化的典型特征和文化传承为族群文化与企业文化关系提供了样本。东莞的客家人虽然仅占当地户籍人口的6%~7%,但是在东莞甚至世界都具有很大的影响力,他们不仅是东莞客家和客商文化发展的历史见证者,也是勤劳勇敢、奋斗不息的民族精神的典范。

The Hakkas is one of China’s Han ethnic groups with long historical inheritance,and long-term migration has created the indomitable and struggling Hakkas,and they have created the characteristic Hakka culture with profound and lasting influence in the process of conquering the nature and transforming the life.The Gang of Hakka Merchants is one of the four gangs of Guangdong merchants formed during the period of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,it is such a gang of merchants taking its culture as cohesion,featuring the adventure and being industrious,unadorned,low-key and pragmatic as its core,and as a result,it has become a traditional Hakka merchant culture and formed a kind of entrepreneurship with the ethnic-group characteristic over the historical development.The typical characteristics and cultural inheritance of the Hakka corporate culture have provided an example for relationship between the ethnic-group culture and the corporate culture.The Hakkas of Dongguan only accounts for 6%~7%of the locally registered population,but they have a strong influence in Dongguan,Guangdong Province,China and even in the world,they have been not only the historical witnesses of Hakka and traveling merchant cultural development of Dongguan but also the model of industrious,brave and struggling national spirit.