滇藏“朵翀”民俗文化调查与研究

Investigation and Research on theFolk Culture of"Duochong"in Yunnan and Tibet

“朵翀”民俗是遗留在金沙江和澜沧江中上游地区的一种无音器伴奏的一种民俗活动。通过对金沙江、澜沧江沿线九个重点村落调查发现,“朵翀”民俗在纳西族和藏族村落中尚有较好保留,但各地称呼不同。从所调查村落的歌舞步伐来看,均为八步式。而从歌曲数量、内容看,各地差异明显。在村社生活中,“朵翀”具有和谐社区、团结向上的功能,具有传承人生礼仪、社会交往的功能。同时,在现代化冲击下,“朵翀”民俗一方面面临失传,另一方面也看到文化自觉者的保护和传承举动。

The folk custom of "Duochong" is a kind of folk activity without accompany of musical instruments kept in the middle and upper reaches of the Jinsha River and theLancang River.Through the investigation of nine key villages along the two rivers,it is found that the folk custom of"Duochong"is well preserved in Naxi and Tibetan villages,but its name varies from one place to another.From the perspective of the dancing steps of the villagers investigated,the number of all the steps is eight.But in terms of number and content of the songs,the difference is obvious in each place.In the village life,"Duochong"has the functions of harmony and unity in the community as well as the functions of inheriting life etiquette and social communication.At the same time,under the impact of modernization,"Duochong"folk custom is facing being lost on the one hand,and on the other hand,we also see the protection and inheritance of the cultural-consciousness people.