盐度对仿刺参免疫指标的影响

Effects of Salinities on Immune-related Indicators of Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus)

【目的】研究不同盐度下对攻毒灿烂弧菌(Vibrio splendidus)前后的仿刺参免疫指标的影响。【方法】将平均体质量(6.16±1.86)g的仿刺参150头随机分为5组,分别置于盐度25、27、29、31、33的海水中暂养,注射200μL 3.98×10~8 CFU/m L致病菌V. splendidus,在0、6、12、24、48 h采集体腔液,测定相关免疫指标。【结果】攻毒前,各盐度下仿刺参超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、呼吸暴发力(RB)差异不显著(P> 0.05)。仿刺参吞噬活力在盐度25、27、29、31条件下,随盐度的升高吞噬活力显著升高(P <0.05),盐度33条件下,仿刺参吞噬活力随盐度的升高而降低;仿刺参酚氧化物(PO)活力在盐度25、27、29条件下,随盐度的升高PO活力显著升高(P <0.05),盐度31、33条件下,仿刺参PO活力随盐度的升高而降低。攻毒后,仿刺参SOD活力变化明显,盐度25、27、33条件下,仿刺参SOD活力在48 h显著降低(P <0.05),盐度29、31条件下,攻毒后仿刺参SOD活力显著降低时间提前;仿刺参ACP活力变化明显,盐度25、27条件下,攻毒后仿刺参ACP活力在12 h显著升高(P <0.05),盐度29、31、33条件下,攻毒后仿刺参ACP活力在6 h显著升高(P <0.05);CAT活力无变化规律;盐度25、27条件下,攻毒后仿刺参吞噬活力在6 h显著升高(P <0.05),盐度29、31条件下,攻毒6、12、24、48 h后与0 h相比仿刺参吞噬活力无显著性差异(P> 0.05);盐度对仿刺参RB有显著性影响(P <0.05),但无变化规律;攻毒后,不同盐度下的仿刺参PO活力在不同时间点较0 h均有升高,但没有规律性。【结论】盐度对仿刺参的吞噬活力、PO的影响,可以为选择适宜盐度水域养殖仿刺参提供依据;仿刺参在攻毒灿烂弧菌后SOD、ACP具有较高的敏感性。

【Objective】To study the effects of different salinities on immune-related indicators of sea cucumber challenged with V. splendidus.【Method】We randomly divided 150 sea cucumbers with an average body weight of(6.16 ± 1.86) g into 5 groups. Each group was placed in seawater with salinity25, 27, 29, 31 and 33 for temporary cultivation. Each sea cucumber was injected with 200 μL 3.98×10~8 CFU/mL V. splendidus. The cavity fluid was collected after 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours and the relevant immune indicators were determined.【Result】 When not challenged, there were no significant differences in superoxide dismutase(SOD), acid phosphatase(ACP), catalase(CAT), and respiratory burst(RB) at each salinity(P > 0.05). Under salinity of 33, the phagocytic activity of the sea cucumber decreased as the salinity increased. Under salinity of 25, 27 and 29, PO activity increased significantly with the increase of salinity(P < 0.05). Under salinity of 31 and 33, PO activity decreased with increasing salinity. After challenge, SOD activity changed apparently. Under salinity of 25, 27, and 33, SOD activity decreased significantly at 48 h(P < 0.05). Under salinity of 29 and 31, the time for SOD activity to decrease significantly was advanced. ACP changed obviously after challenge. Under salinity of 25 and 27, ACP activity increased significantly at 12 h(P < 0.05). Under salinity of 29, 31, and 33, ACP activity increased significantly at 6 h(P < 0.05). The change in CAT activity is irregular. Under salinity of 25 and 27, the phagocytic activity of sea cucumber was increased significantly after challenge(P < 0.05). Under salinity of 29 and 31, there was no significant difference in phagocytic activity between 6, 12, 24, 48 h and 0 h(P > 0.05). The salinity had a significant effect on the RB of the sea cucumber(P < 0.05), but the change was irregular. After challenge, the PO activity of the sea cucumber in different salinities increased compared with 0 h, but there was no regularity. 【Conclusion】The effect of salinity on the phagocytosis activity and PO activity of sea cucumbers can provide a basis for selecting appropriate salinity water for sea cucumber breeding. After challenge, the SOD activity and ACP activity of the sea cucumber have quick responses.